Media Technology Resources for Effective Teaching and Learning

To achieve the above initiatives and need of Media Technology in teaching and learning, the following are the Media Technology resources available to teachers and students to effect the integration of Media Technology into the teaching and learning process (Adegbamigbe, Kayode-Ishola and Lesi, 2009:86):

1.  Computer Aided Instruction (CAI): Computer Aided Instruction (CAI) is an individualized method of instruction in which a computer is employed and a student is required to interact with the computer in a teaching and learning environment. According to Eshiet (1991), one basic fact about CAI is that it recognizes individual differences and as a result treats them differently.

2.  Multimedia: The ability of computer to combine sound, images, graphics, video and text in a single presentation is regarded as multimedia. Multimedia has given educators a tool in creating educational materials, which may include cartoons and animation sequences cheaply and easily. Okundaye (1998) opined that multimedia is creating room for ingenuity and genuity of ability.

3.  Distance Learning: Distance learning is not a new concept. This is experiencing learning outside the structured classroom setting through television, correspondence courses, radio, and so on. It is any form of teaching and learning in which the teacher and students are not in the same place at the same time. Components of distance learning in today’s Media Technology such as e-mails and interactive software have also been useful in additions to the educational settings.

4.  E-Learning: E-Learning most often means an approach to facilitate and enhance learning through the use of device based on computer and communication technology, such devices would include personal computers, CD-Roms, Digital television, cameras and mobile phones. Communication technology enables the use of the internet, e-mail, discussion forums and collaborative software.

5.  Web-Based Instruction: The web-based instruction uses the internet and the worldwide web (www) as the main proponents to deliver the materials and resources for one course. Course information is gathered from the internet through browsing and the materials gathered are used for the course.

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Importance of Media Technology

Media Technology is an essential component of school, intellectual diffusion and research programmes assessment. Nkanu and Usang (2007) remarked that these trends make it possible for teachers to break away from professional isolation with Media Technology, they can easily connect with other teachers outside their immediate environment with sources of teaching materials.

Before now, the observed, learners were dependent on teachers and librarians for information but now, availability of Media Technology facilities in schools is helping them to redefine the role of teachers and librarians thus enabling them to focus on analyzing information and sharpening their critical thinking skills. It is in the same stead that the Federal Government of Nigeria emphasized in section II (102) (A) of the National Policy on Education that:

A Network of Educational Services Centre in Nigeria (NESCN) shall be setup to provide a forum for exchanging of ideas on the development and use of innovative materials for improvement of education. All states, teacher resource centres, university institutions of education and other professional bodies shall belong to the network of Media Technology.

        Obviously, Media Technology would bring about collaborative, provide participation, cooperation and interactive learning environment, as well as enrich the curriculum content. Studies conducted worldwide indicated that students working in a collaborative environment using technology-infused instruction have had better academic achievement (Cheorg, 2008; Lee Predhan & Dalgarno, 2008; Barwach, 2006 and House 2006 cited in Masole, 2008). Media Technology as a technological-based instruction methodology facilitates the achievement of content and objectives of the curriculum since it enables students to access accurate information easily unlike the traditional methods require strenuous co-ordination. Nkanu and Usang (2007) observed that the educational system has undergone major structural changes. That is from pedagogical methodology to the current phase of more sophisticated, but user friendly technology-based instructional methodology. The complexity resulting from the enormous instruction co-ordination mechanism is reduced or eliminated with the new system (Media Technology and E-Learning).

        Media Technology is also important in that it has enabled learners to see things and master them faster than as it was in the olden years. Appreciating this, Udensi (2006:124) stated:

In fact, our ways of life have been greatly touched and influenced, Media Technology equipment have brought about speedy, timely and efficient information processing which is very significant to people. Again, Media Technology equipment have made it possible for modern man to see more information in a day the people hundred years ago used to see in whole year.

        Media Technology also help learners in the acquisition of four basic language skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Acquisition of these four basic language skills is very important because when learners acquire them they can easily master the concepts in the curriculum of all levels of education faster. To that end, Okereka (2007) emphatically stressed that, Media Technology increases reading skills. Computer had made the teaching and learning of writing (essay) can now be better enhanced by using computer programmes that corrects errors and provide feedback. Through Media Technology learners can make use of the most up-to-date texts from the conventional library. This will help the learners to get access to relevant texts which will help the learners to get access to relevant text which will help them in their lesson.

        Furthermore, Media Technology helps in erection of individualized and collaborative instruction. With the use of computer, learners can learn individually and collectively with or without the teacher in the classroom. Hence, Tuoyo (2007) stated that computers are tools for teachers and students. They can be useful for erection of individualized and collaborative instruction and can manage and generate instructional research and administrative data. Thus makes full implementation of curriculum in all levels of education easier and more practicable; hence there is greater hope of realizing the national educational goals as enumerated by Federal Republic of Nigeria (FRN, 2004).

        Media Technology assists in evaluation of students’ performance. Evaluation is a very important aspect of curriculum implementation. With the use of Media Technology, evaluation of students’ performance is easy for both teachers and administrators, since it provides immediate feedback to the students. With provision of immediate feedback, students and teachers can find out the area of strength and weaknesses for modification. Commenting on the usefulness of provision of feedback to the learners, Mkpa (2007) stated that it is an established fact that most effective learning occurs by engaging and giving him immediate feedback on his performance as he learns.

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Meaning of Media Technology

Media Technology is a term used to describe technologies which receive, record, process, transmits and retrieves information (Ebisine, 2011). According to him, Media technology is the combination of networks, hardware and software; as well as the means of communication, collaboration and engagement that enable the processing, management and exchange of data, information and knowledge.

Media Technology also stand for the various ways the computer works together with other telecommunication equipment which are needed in data processing and information transmission to solve different aspects of human endeavor (Eze, 2007). This is probably why it is referred to handling and processing of information using electronic devices (Adeoja, 2002) and as the range of products and systems, which handles, process and produce information using computers and/or telecommunication technologies. In one sense, Eguridu (2008) presented Media Technology as a technology that merges computer with high speed communication links carrying data sounds and videos. Media Technology he emphasized is an umbrella term that refers to all technology for communication of information. According to him, it includes any medium to record information that is paper, magnetic disk flash.

        Media Technology is a process of networking – connecting any part of the world by mere touching a combination of keyboard buttons on electronic device like radio, television, telephone, computer and so on with this innovation in our ever changing society, it is crystal clear that more pressure will be on the young people mostly students. Thus, the need to fully inculcate Media Technology into the Nigerian education system in order to gradually bring them to the reality of the universal phenomenon comes to play (Orukokan, Olaleye, Odumosu and Akinneye, 2009).

        Adedoja (2002) contended that Media Technology is concerned with handling and processing of information using electronic devices. Agboola (2001) presented Media Technology as the range of products and systems, which handle process and produce information using computers, and/or telecommunication technologies. In effect, Media Technology is a process of networking – connecting any part of the world by mere touching a combination of keyboard buttons on electronic devices like radio, television, telephone, and computer and so on. This is in line with Ayannuga (2006) that Media Technologies are information handling tools. They include the old Media Technologies of radio, television and telephone and the new Media Technologies of computer, satellite and wireless technology and the internet. According to him, Media Technology is a general term sometimes used to refer to a variety of tools, all of which make it possible to improve dialogue between individuals and groups.

        Media Technology according to Bamikole (2000) is the creation, collection, storage, processing, transmission, displaying and use of information by people and machine. It encompasses so many a concept among which is the internet. Abimbade (2006) observed that development in computer technology and telecommunication networks had given rise to the internet and intranet, thus information and communication are interwoven and one is dependent of the other. Media Technology is the fusion of Information Technology (IT) and Communication Technology (CT).

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